To see what each icon on a toolbar means roll the mouse pointer over it.
You will see a word telling you what that icon means.

Example:

Screenshot of Microsoft Word toolbar

The other toolbar that we use a lot is the formatting toolbar.
It looks like this:

Screenshot of the formatting toolbar

Find the formatting toolbar on your computer.
Roll the mouse pointer over each icon to see what the icon is for.

The icons on the toolbars help you to do things.
The standard toolbar and the formatting toolbar are used the most.