K-W-L Technique

The K-W-L technique builds a framework that can assist learners to derive meaning from new reading material. This technique can be effective for learners with lower skill levels, either individually or in group settings. It can also be used for almost any subject. It can be used for songs and videos, in addition to text.

The approach is summarized in the following chart:

K

What we KNOW

  • Brainstorm ideas about the topic.
  • Record ideas in point form.
  • Use a chart like this one.

Pre-Reading
W

What we WANT to Learn

  • What questions do we have?
  • What do we expect to learn?

Pre-Reading
L

What we LEARNED

  • Was our knowledge correct?
  • Were our questions answered?
  • Did we learn what we expected to?

Post-Reading

Eventually, the learner may be able to adapt this strategy for independent reading.

"New Information + Prior Knowledge Arrow pointing right Personal Meaning"

Adapted from:
Barbara J. Wynes & Beverley L. Zakaluk. Book Bridges: A Family Literacy Program - Handbook for Instructors. Book 2: Reading. Winnipeg, MB: Junior League of Winnipeg, 1997, p. 76. [http://www.nald.ca/clr/bookbridges/book2/page76.htm]