| B | usually a consistent sound (bat, bell) can be silent in words such as comb, subtle, thumb |
| C | can have a hard "k" sound when followed by an "o" or an "a" (cat) can also be a soft "s" sound when followed by an "e", "i," or "y" (face, circle, fancy) |
| D | a consistent sound (dog, dirt) |
| F | a consistent sound (fun, favourite) |
| G | can have a hard sound (go, get) can also have a soft "j" sound when followed by an "e," "i," or "y" (orange, region, gym) there are exceptions to this rule (girl) can be silent when followed by an "n" (sign) |
| H | can be a consistent sound (home, hockey) can be silent (honest) |
| J | a consistent sound (January, junk, Jennifer) |
| K | a consistent sound (kite) can be silent when paired with an "n" (knife) |
| L | a consistent sound (look, lucky, lake) often blends with other consonants (blend, clear, talk) can also be silent (half) changes the vowel sound when it follows a vowel (cold, belt) |
| M | a consistent sound (moon, mighty) |
| N | a consistent sound (nine, nice) can also be silent (autumn, hymn) |
| P | a consistent sound (puppy, pen) can be silent (psalm, receipt) can sound like an "f" when combined with an "h" (photograph) |
| Q | is almost always paired with a "u" (queen) may sound like a "k" when the "u" is silent (liquor) |
| R | a consistent sound (run, rack) often forms blends with other letters (tree, break, proud) changes the vowel sound when it follows a vowel (far, stir) |
| S | a consistent sound (snake, sand) can also sound like a "z" at the end of a word (wears, cars, dogs) can be silent (island) |
| T | a consistent sound (telephone) can be silent (depot, castle) can sound like "sh" in other letter combinations (-tion, -tious) |
| V | a consistent sound (vitamin, vine) |
| W | a consistent sound (woman, worn, watermelon) can be silent (sword, who) almost always silent when paired as "wr" (write, wrong) |
| X | makes a "ks" sound at the end or in the middle of a word (tax, exit) makes a "z" sound at the beginning of a word (xylophone, Xerox) |
| Y | is usually a consonant at the beginning of a word (yellow, yo-yo) may sound like a long "e" at the end of a multi-syllabic word (baby, daisy) |
| Z | a consistent sound (zoo, zebra) |