White and Religious Superiority

"Racism" is what happens when someone dislikes or mistreats a person just because of their race. Even today many countries like South Africa, the United States and even Canada have trouble with racism. But at least today governments and schools try to educate people to understand and accept their differences. Countries like South Africa are now trying to turn things around. A hundred years ago racism was common everywhere. At the turn of the century, non-whites in the colonies were feared and treated as less than equal. Robert Hong says:

As was... the case with other non-whites, the Chinese were [looked upon] as inferior beings. From the white colonists' point of view, there was little "redeemable" value in their culture, and their continued immigration only threatened the social and economic fabric of life in the colonies. 18

Many people thought the Chinese and other non-whites were not as good as white people. They believed in "white superiority." These people thought that non-whites were not as smart as whites. They believed that the white way of doing things was better. They thought that contact with non-whites might harm white culture.

These ideas are not accepted today. The Canadian government encourages "multiculturalism." This means that all cultures should be respected and kept alive. But at the turn of the century no one thought this way. Slavery in the United States had ended only 50 years before. The old idea of white superiority was deeply set in people. The Chinese faced constant racial prejudice. Because they were non-white and had a very different culture, they were sometimes looked upon as lesser people.

Unlike most Newfoundlanders, the Chinese were also not Christian. Many Newfoundlanders, whether Protestant or Catholic, did not take the Chinese religions like Buddhism or Taoism seriously. They thought that Christianity was the only right religion. They wanted the Chinese to become Christians. But most Chinese did not want to do this.

Being non-white and non-Christian made things very difficult for the Chinese.


18 Robert G. Hong. "To take action without delay": Newfoundland's Chinese Immigration Act of 1906. (B.A. Hons. Thesis) Department of History, 1987, p 22