People in Newfoundland were divided over the process used to choose officers. It was believed that St. John’s men were chosen above outport men; Protestants over Catholics; wealthy over working class. Social standing was seen as having more weight than experience in battle. Do you feel that social standing still plays a role in decisions that are made today? Why or why not?
The Germans first attacked Newfoundland soldiers with gas in 1917. Medical officer, Lieutanant–Colonel Cluny MacPherson of St. John’s invented the gas mask. It was a helmet made of fabric treated with chemicals. A tube was used for breathing out. These masks protected against chlorine gas that killed or injured when inhaled. They gave some protection from mustard gas, which burned on contact. The entire British army was soon equipped with gas masks.