5.0
Technical Literacy and Social Capacity

In addressing the question of ameliorating the digital divide, a broad range of contingencies come into play. These include the capacities of individuals (economic, literacy, interest, need); available technical resources, available institutional supports and services; the opportunities and limitations of the immediate social context in which people live (community circumstances, economic and social relations); work (employment status, type and requirements of work); and the nature and impact of changes in the broader economic and social environment (regional, national, or international).

At the most immediate level, all individuals require some basic means or resources to realize goals of economic and social inclusion and betterment, whether these are skills improvement, employment, or social participation. Access to and use of the Internet can be an important resource in this process, though it must be recognized that other factors inform the relevance of using technology and the degree to which such access will be possible and beneficial.

Enabling factors for individual participation and development include: income, education and literacy, health, physical ability and so forth. Disadvantages or discrepancies in these areas are obstacles for people in realizing their potential for development, and social and economic participation and inclusion. In turn, these individual capacities are reflected at the community level, and concern issues related to the overall health and diversity of economic and social institutions and services in a community or region. The potential for individual betterment through training, education, and participation relies to a significant extent on the potential of community resources and institutions to facilitate these activities. Individual betterment depends on the existence of opportunities or incentives that give individuals a rationale for engaging in training, learning and related activities in the first place.5


5 See, for example, A. Sen, 1999, Development as Freedom.