- Vocabulary LINCing routine: designed to facilitate student use of
two powerful tools - an auditory memory device and a visual
memory device - that help adults learn and remember the meanings
of complex terms.19
Content enhancement routines help learners to see the structure and develop
mental tools for organizing information. However, they are not enough on
their own, especially for learners who appear to be struggling. Some learners
will need a variety of supports including the development of learning
strategies, additional support through one-to-one tutoring and the possible
integration of accommodations. Although learning strategies were addressed
in Module 3, it important to highlight that both supports need to be provided
for adults with learning disabilities, especially for those who are lagging
significantly behind. This is where both group work and individual
instruction may need to be offered according to each individual's need for
supports.
Instructional models
Practitioners can access a number of instructional models. Deciding which one
to choose depends on a couple of factors: the practitioner's knowledge base
and the desired learning outcome for the learners. For example, if a
practitioner wants to instruct on a specific skill such as using prefixes and
suffixes, the use of direct instruction may be most suitable, but if the desired
outcome is to improve social relationships among the learners, then the use of
a collaborative approach may be more appropriate. If the desired learning
outcome is for the learners to master three-step word problems, then a
combination of direct and collaborative approaches could be utilized for
instruction. The direct instruction would provide specific instruction on how
to do word problems and the collaborative approach would give the learners
opportunity to practice, manipulate and discuss their understanding of word
problems to enhance active learning. These examples demonstrate the
importance of specifying desired outcomes and their measures before
decisions are made as to the implementation of specific instructional methods.
|