The third layer refers to social interaction dimensions and includes models that look at how a person interacts in the learning environment.
- Reichmann's and Grasha (1974)
The fourth layer refers to instructional preference and includes models that look at a person's preferred learning environment.
- Keefe (1998)
- Dunn and Dunn (1978)
This list of learning styles is by no means inclusive of all the learning models, but it is a good framework to understand the different dimensions of learning. The key difference in all the models is that some advocate the need to accommodate a person's learning style versus stressing a flexible and adaptive learning environment that exposes learners to all styles of learning.76
How do learning styles relate to learning disabilities?
Learning disabilities and learning styles share common beliefs:
- Learners are unique and have different ways of learning
- For learners to experience success, they must be aware of their strengths and weakness and be active members in the learning process
- A learning environment should offer a variety of strategies and instruction methods, with learners being active in the planning, participating and evaluating process
"The backbone of learning styles theories is the idea that no one style is better
than another."
77 There are many different learning theories, yet there is no
universal test or evaluation system for learning styles.