1. We recommend that employers and labour develop national occupational or skills standards in consultation with the appropriate labour market partners, such as government, equity groups, and the education and training community. This consultation is critical in developing standards that are recognized by both the education and training system and industry. This is the only way to establish standards that lead to portability and transferability of skills.
  1. We recommend that the CLFDB and the federal government support the development of national occupational or skills standards, where appropriate, and that the federal government reallocate resources to achieve the development and implementation of standards. Federal assistance for training should be based on the existence of standards and should be provided for programs that deliver the skills identified in the standards.
  1. We recommend that the CLFDB continue to develop a national standards framework and establish flexible guidelines and methods for the development, validation, and evaluation of standards. This framework should promote the electronic storage and retrieval of standards to prevent duplication and facilitate the sharing of information.


Apprenticeship

Apprenticeship is a recognized training system in Canada, leading to certification as a journey person. It is a good training system, but there are limitations to considering it as part of a transition into employment system. For most apprentice able trades, it is a way of moving from unskilled to skilled employment, not from non-employment to employment. As such, it does not address the needs of training for entry-level occupations. Moreover, apprentice able trades do not constitute the whole spectrum of occupations. There are 169 apprentice able occupations in Canada, but no more than 100 in anyone province. Only 44 trades belong to the Red Seal program, which allows for inter-provincial mobility. The process of having skills designated as apprentice able is also too difficult and too complex.