no explanation - a single simple response required (orally, or in writing)

• no explanation - a simple response required (orally, or in writing)

• simple explanation of a (level 1 or 2) mathematical process required (orally, or in writing)

• explanation of a (level 3) mathematical process required (orally, or in writing)

• complex, abstract and generative reasoning or explanation required

• a simple arithmetical operation (+, -, x, ÷) with whole numbers or money

• calculating common fraction, decimal fraction and percentages of values
• using common rates (e.g. $/lb.); time calculations; etc
• changing between common equivalent fraction, decimal percent values, including for measurements e.g. ¼ kg = 0.250kg

• more complex applications the normal arithmetical operations such as with fractions and more complex rates, ratios, decimals, percentages, variables
• simple probability calculations

• applications of other mathematical operations such as squares, square roots, etc

• more advanced mathematical techniques and skills e.g. trigonometry

• estimating and rounding off (when requested) to whole number values or monetary units

• estimating and rounding off to requested number of decimal places

• making a contextual judgment re whether a found answer is realistic or not and changing the answer to the appropriate correct rounded (but not necessarily mathematically correct) answer.

• evaluating a given formula involving common operations (+, -, x, ÷)

• developing/creating and using straight forward formulae
• using strategies such as working backwards or backtracking (e.g. 15% of ? = $255)

• generative reasoning
• using and interpreting standard algebraic and graphical conventions and techniques

• knowing common straight forward measures
• naming, counting, comparing or sorting values or shapes

• visualizing and describing shapes, objects or geometric patterns or relationships
• making and interpreting standard measurements using common measuring instruments

• using angle properties and symmetry to describe shapes or objects
• estimating, making and interpreting measurements including interpolating values between gradations on scales
• converting between standard measurement units within the same system

• calculating measures of central tendency and spread for non-grouped data
• converting between non-standard measurement units within the same system
• counting permutations or combinations

• converting between measurements across different systems

• locating/identifying data in texts, graphs and tables
• orientating oneself to maps and directions such as right, left, etc

• reading and interpreting data from texts, graphs and tables
• following or giving straight forward directions

• interpolating data on graphs
• calculating distances from scales on maps

• generating, organising, graphing non-grouped data
• extrapolating data
• reading and interpreting trends and patterns in data on graphs, including slope/gradient

• graphing grouped data
• calculating measures of central tendency and spread for grouped data