Table 12

Factors that Influence the Process of Children's Enculturation into Literacy Practices
Factors Cultural Influences
Growing up in Poverty - many children are second generation of living in poverty
- have practical skills, but do not know how to use these skills to facilitate literacy and learning
- literacy is part of all homes – poor home life, poor teaching and school failure are blamed for reading problems
- may lack skills to engage child in literacy activities
- some feel literacy is best left for school so that it is done the right way
Learning to be Impoverished - parents try to provide educationally stimulating activities and a supportive environment for learning
- parents may feel unable to be involved with school
- speech and language differences include: more dysfluent, use of vernacular expressions and use of non-standard grammar
Schooling for Poverty - teachers hold false assumptions about literacy experiences and attitudes towards learning in non-mainstream families
- families need to be provided with the knowledge about the culture of power if they do not already have it