CHAPTER 3

METHODS

Look at every path closely and deliberately, then ask
ourselves this critical question: Does this path have a heart?
If it does, then the path is good. If it doesn't, it is of no use.

- Carlos Castaneda

Introduction

This chapter presents the methods of data gathering and procedures used to analyze the information obtained. The study relies on qualitative methods of data gathering to better understand the social and cultural contexts within which participants operate.

Qualitative Research Paradigm

My task in this study was to record my participants' stories with fairness and integrity to create an accurate picture of individual lived experience. The use of qualitative research methods, guided by the theoretical basis outlined previously, is ideally suited for this purpose (Lincoln & Guba, 1985). While quantitative methods generally require minimal contextual connections to the social world in order to formulate correlations from data that is often numerical in nature, research conducted within a qualitative paradigm requires a linkage to phenomena that are located in natural settings as a means of uncovering the experiences of participants from their personal perspectives. Qualitative research uses inductive inquiry, from which descriptions, concepts, and abstractions emerge from the data (Merriam, 2001). A qualitative research paradigm is less concerned with outcomes, products, comparisons, correlations, or in the deductive support of theory and hypothesis testing, but rather focuses on providing a rich description and a broad view of the processes and events being studied, sometimes building towards a theory (Merriam, 2001).