- Micro-machining. Techniques that exist for producing devices and mechanical parts, whose
size can be measured in microns, will enable greater precision, sensitivity, and flexibility
in micro-production processes.
- Metrology. Advanced measurement systems will allow for greater precision in production and
process control.
- Mechatronics. Systems that integrate sensors, actuators, and control functions in one
intelligent system will improve product precision, performance, efficiency, and ease of use.
- New materials. The development of new materials from bio-materials and advanced polymers,
to light weight composites and super-conductive materials are providing manufacturers with
a capacity to develop new and improved products and processes that can get the job done better
for customers at much lower costs.
- Smart Materials. Smart materials change shape, colour, form, phase, electric and magnetic
fields, temperature, optical qualities, and other characteristics in response to external
stimuli. Designers will be able to use smart materials to set new standards in meeting
customer needs, as well as simplify products, add features, reduce material use, and lower
the expense of product specialization. Future smart materials will be capable of self-diagnosis,
repair, and learning.
- Fuel Cells and Alternative Energy. Hydrogen fuel cells, solar energy, and nuclear applications
will be used in products and processes as alternative energy sources.
- Integrated technologies. Future manufacturing capabilities will be expanded even more by the
integration of these technologies.