The assessment process
Definition
In Module 1, signs and characteristics that adults may exhibit or discuss that
can indicate a potential learning disability were identified. How the various
processing breakdowns in auditory, visual and/or organizational functions
can impact on adults' literacy skills was also discussed. The use of screening
tools was described in the first module and how the tools can identify
potential learning disabilities that may be impacting adults' abilities to learn.
This module will address the screening tool findings and how to understand
the impact the potential learning disabilities may have on adults' literacy
skills.
The term assessment will refer to a process, not a specific type and/or
method. It is a process to determine individual strengths and struggles to help
practitioners to develop teaching strategies and accommodations and help
learners to understand what is required to reach their goals. The process is
constant and flowing and may include a mix of formal and informal
assessment techniques. It may involve a number of persons and/or tools. For
example, practitioners who are specialized in learning disabilities may be
asked to help with the process and/or referrals to psychologists may be made
for diagnostic assessments. The assessment tools involved throughout the
process may include checklists, work samples (informal assessments) and/or
standardized tests (formal assessment).
Difference between the screening and the assessment process:
"Screening tests do not provide a prescription of how to intervene for a
problem but may yield details about areas such as reading, writing, attention,
social or math skills which warrant a closer look." 1
The screening process is an indicator that a potential learning disability is
evident - the assessment looks at the person's strengths and struggles in more
depth, in order to develop a plan of action. Strengths can be reinforced and
used to overcome weaknesses. Questionnaires, rating scales and interviews
are examples of screening tools. They provide an indication of learners'
performance and explain the impact of their personal circumstances and past
learning experiences. The results of the screening provide an estimate of
learners' performance and/or an indication of challenge areas.
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