Introduction

Portable & Wood-built ladders

Why are ladders used in heavy construction? Explain that ladders are mainly used for access to or egress from excavations.

The types of ladders primarily used in construction are Class 1 – Industrial rated for a 250 lb. Capacity or wood-built ladders fabricated on site.

30 min

Explain the Importance

Explain that many workers are injured due to inappropriate selection of ladders, use of faulty ladders and incorrect ladder set up.

Ask participants their experiences working/using ladders.

Emphasize points that correct set up and use are essential to reduce hazards of using portable ladders.

Show Learners

• Review handout.
• Explain the way to inspect a ladder for defects before using.
• Explain the correct/safe method of ladder set up.
• Explain the correct/safe method for safe ladder use.
• Emphasize 3-point contact when climbing ladders.
• Explain the requirement of not using the top two rungs of a ladder.
• Review the specifications for wood-built ladders. Explain what a spiked knot is – a flat knot that runs across the face of the rung that significantly weakens the strength of the rung.

Hand out– Portable & Wood-built ladders

120 min

Learner Shows you

Construct a wood-built ladder (Field Day)

Have participants work in pairs.

If participants have not used an electric portable circular saw, demonstrate the proper and safe use of the saw.

When ladders have been fabricated, have participants show the correct way to set up the ladder and demonstrate 3 point contact when climbing.

Safety Equipment:
safety glasses
hearing protection
safety head wear

Materials:
16 oz hammers
16’ tape measure
Electrical circular saw & power cord/supply

For each ladder:
2-10’ 2 x 4 spruce
2- 8’ 1 x 4 spruce
2 – 1 x 2 spruce
2.5” coated nails
– 0.75 lb