7. Proposed domains for Life Skills derived from psychological theories
For the current purpose, the theory of successful intelligence is best seen as extending
along the same dimension of psychometric models. Both describe types of thinking and
have some degree of overlap. A review of psychometric models points to the importance
of crystallized and fluid abilities. The successful intelligence model begins with analytical
abilities, which can be seen as overlapping at least fluid abilities and perhaps crystallized
abilities as well. But the successful intelligence model takes us further, addressing people's
relationship to the environment through the domains of practical abilities and creative
abilities. Thus, as a set of core domains of intelligence with clear relationships to success
in life, would include:
- Practical Abilities—Abilities used to practice, apply, use, and
implement knowledge and skills. These abilities are highly
contextualized with respect to the individual's daily life and involve
the management of oneself, management of others, and management of
tasks.
- Crystallized Analytical Abilities—Acculturation knowledge. Evident
in tasks that show an indication of the breadth and depth of the
knowledge of concepts and forms of reasoning that have been developed
by humans over the course of many centuries and passed on from one
generation to the next. Tests of crystallized abilities primarily measure
the result of previously applied information-processing skills.
- Fluid Analytical Abilities—Reasoning abilities, such as sequential,
inductive, deductive, and quantitative. Tests of fluid abilities primarily
measure the results of current information-processing skills.
- Creative (Coping with Novelty) Abilities—Abilities to create, invent,
discover, suppose, imagine, and hypothesize. Characterized by people's
abilities to deal flexibly with relatively unfamiliar problems—that
is, their abilities to cope with relative novelty.
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