As a major part of this research study, I have been trying to identify an adequate working definition of violence. Throughout my past discussions with others about the meaning of violence, I have been challenged to distinguish between violence and trauma, violence and oppression, and violence and stress. I believe trauma, all types of oppression, and stress are forms of violence. I feel that the word violence is strong and one that people often try to avoid using. However, I believe we should not discount the word because violence against women is a critical issue. Violence against women is ubiquitous and rampant. In a research report, the World Health Organization reported that:
Violence against women and girls is a major health and human rights concern. Women can experience physical or mental abuse throughout their lifecycle, in infancy, childhood and/or adolescence, or during adulthood or older age. While violence has severe health consequences for the affected, it is a social problem that warrants an immediate coordinated response from multiple sectors (2000).
Because of the severity of the effects of violence, the word should not be ignored or avoided due to its strong connotations. I will explain my point of view using various definitions and beliefs about violence.
As I mentioned before, my goal was to find a definition that included all of the various forms of violence that impact low-income women in adult literacy programs. I realize that as I read more material, speak further with other colleagues, and experience life, my definition of violence will take different shapes. In a recent conversation I had with Jenny Horsman, she reminded me that there is no single definition for violence – it can take on different meanings for those who experience it (Personal Conversation).