Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Background to the Report
Barriers
Elements of a responsive educational system
Best practices in teaching
Summary
Research Method
Criteria for including reports and articles
Databases searched
Method of analysis
Analysis of the Reports and Articles
Participation in Learning Opportunities
Barriers to participation
Elements of a responsive educational system
Summary
Major gaps in knowledge
Knowledge about perceived and actual barriers experienced by non-participants in relation to learning opportunities
Knowledge about the differences between formal and informal learning, and between intentional informal learning and incidental informal learning
Knowledge about the potential role of formal educational institutions in supporting and recognizing informal learning activities
Knowledge about the interaction among various types of barriers
Knowledge about barriers associated with informal learning
Knowledge about the economic benefits of informal learning
Knowledge about changes in barriers over transition periods
Knowledge about the role of personal identity as a learner
Knowledge about alternative methods for assisting adult learners to fund their formal and informal learning activities
Knowledge about the application of existing research-based knowledge
Reference List
Appendix A: Databases Searched
Appendix B: Annotated Reference List
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