|
TABLE 2: THE WAGE GAP
Female Incomes, Expressed as a Percentage of Male
Incomes, by Age
|
under |
20- |
24- |
30- |
35- |
40- |
45- |
50- |
55- |
60- |
65- |
over |
Total |
| |
20 |
24 |
29 |
34 |
39 |
44 |
49 |
54 |
59 |
64 |
69 |
70 |
|
| Females |
76% |
71% |
56% |
46% |
42% |
42% |
44% |
44% |
48% |
53% |
68% |
83% |
|
| Males |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
100% |
| Income |
24% |
29% |
44% |
54% |
58% |
58% |
56% |
56% |
56% |
52% |
47% |
32% |
17% |
| Gap |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Derived from: Revenue Canada Taxation, Taxation Statistics
(1985 and 1975 editions) table 4 (summary) (analyzing individual returns for
the 1983 and 1973 tax years).
Source: Ontario Women Directorate, Fact Sheet #2, no date.
TABLE 3
Average Female Employment Income,* by Clerical
Occupation
and Technological Sector,** Canada, 1980
|
Low-tech |
Mid-tech |
High-tech |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
|
Average |
|
Average |
|
Number |
Income |
Number |
Income |
Number |
Income |
|
|
(Dollars) |
|
(Dollars) |
|
(Dollars) |
| Clerical Occupations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Secretaries and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| stenographers |
14,980 |
13,422 |
23,215 |
13,061 |
95,365 |
12,440 |
| Typists & clerk typists |
3,755 |
12,420 |
3,905 |
11,998 |
21,750 |
11,353 |
| Bookkeepers |
20,170 |
12,915 |
24,805 |
12,550 |
103,085 |
12,319 |
| Tellers & cashiers |
830 |
12,027 |
4,915 |
8,543 |
51,150 |
10,394 |
| Other bookkeeping |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| & accounting |
595 |
13,315 |
700 |
12,899 |
26,120 |
12,498 |
| Electronic data- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| processing operators |
4,035 |
13,182 |
3,670 |
13,190 |
20,075 |
12,367 |
| Receptionists and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| information clerks |
2,430 |
11,548 |
4,460 |
10,495 |
12,365 |
11,020 |
|
* That is, average income of women who worked
full-time/full-year in 1980.
** Industries were ranked according to the extent to which
high-tech inputs were used for the production of goods and services. The
top-ranking one- third were considered to be high-tech; the middle one-third,
mid-tech; and the lowest one third, low-tech. The ranking includes only the
business sector and so excludes governments. For more details, see Chapter 2 of
report Innovation and Jobs in Canada, 1987.
Source: Economic Council of Canada, Innovation & Jobs in
Canada (1987). Based on data from Statistics Canada, 1981. |